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Gramática inglesa de nivel avanzado paso a paso (English Grammar Step by Step)

 

     UNIT 27 - The key
     PURPOSE

1 a I entered Mr Green's office to1 talk to him b We came in the house to put out the lights c I came back to take care of my parents d She winked at me because to let me know that she was joking e I have come to give you a piece of advice

2 a He looked for someone to share his life with in order not to/so as not to feel so miserable b I didn't drop in at your home last night in order not to/so as not to disturb you c I won't light my Havana in order not to/so as not to bother her d He destroyed all proof against him in order not to/so as not to be discovered e I put on the stove in order not to/so as not to be cold

3 a He went to prison for holding up a chemist's b A flowerpot is for growing plants (in) c These pictures are not for selling d A book is for reading e You'll be punished for not having done/for not doing your homework

4 a She's studying to become a very important person in life b I was so happy for having finished my studies c I didn't open the door in order not to/so as not to see them d A rubber is for removing your pencil marks (with) e We went on with the deal in order not to/so as not to leave them high and dry at the last minute f I would like to take tomorrow off to accompany my husband to the doctor g They went on a hunger strike to get better conditions in gaol h They bought a country pad to have some piece and quiet i I've just bought a CD player to give it to my daughter for her birthday j I have bought some clothes-pegs to hang the washing out k He did not tell her what happened in order not to/so as not to worry her l In order to/So as to/To get there before dark, we must leave now/We must leave now (in order/so as) to get there before dark m She was friendly to him to nick his wallet n They mugged him to swipe his walkman o She was taken to the police station for lifting some records from the shop next door p We filled the car up in order not to/so as not to run out of petrol q I put the music louder in order not to/so as not to hear what they were talking about r I didn't answer the phone in order not to/so as not to talk to him s I shut up in order not to/so as not to interfere in matters which had nothing to do with me t He married her to spend the rest of his life with her u You must take an exam tomorrow to test you on your French v She hid a tiny microphone in his house to spy upon him w I put out the central heating in order not to/so as not to waste fuel x I bought my son an ice-cream wafe for having been a good boy y I'll buy you the bike I promised for getting/having got full marks in your history paper z She set off for Paris before sunrise to be there by midday

5 a She's helping him with his project so that2 he can go/he will go/he goes with her on holiday b These brave men and women gave their lives so that/in order that the humankind should/might/would have a better world c I'll give you some money so that you can pay/you will pay/you pay for the bus d He did not send her any letter, phone her or write to her so that she would not/could not know he was alive e We are leaving early in the morning so that we will arrive/we shall arrive/we arrive there by noon/We are leaving early in the morning to arrive there by noon

6 a He went to live abroad to avoid paying maintenance to his wife for his four children b He did all his homework to prevent his teacher (from) telling him off/...homework to avoid being told off by his teacher c He disguised as a woman to avoid being recognised/...woman to prevent anybody (from) recognising him d He hid behind a bush to avoid being seen by his pursuers/...bush to prevent his pursuers (from) seen him e He did not report the incident to his superiors to prevent them (from) thinking that he was to blame for it

7 a I'll leave him a message in the answering machine in case he comes/should come home this afternoon b He did not kiss her lest she (should) reject3 him/...her in case she rejected/should reject him c I did not tell my parents that I had failed my literature paper lest they (should) punish me by making me stay at home in the evenings for a fortnight/...paper in case they punished/should punish me by making... d She didn't invite him to the opera in case he turned/he should turn down her invitation/...opera lest he (should) turn down her invitation e He went to the same place they met for the first time in case she was there/in case she should be there.

8 a We put the lights off so that nobody would/could/should know that we were in/...off to prevent anybody (from) knowing that we were in b The bank has employed some security guards in order not to/so as not to be held up again/...guards to avoid being held up again/ ...guards to prevent anybody (from) holding them up again/...guards so that they won't be/can't be/may not be/aren't held up again c They didn't make out an invoice so that we wouldn't have to pay VAT/They did not make out an invoice so that we should not have to pay VAT/...invoice to prevent us (from) paying VAT d She left her purse at home lest somebody (should) steal it/...home in case somebody stole/should steal it e She put on some music to4 make him know that she was at home f I hailed a cab in order not to/so as not to be late/...cab to avoid being late g I've phoned them to have my flat furnished h He kept still for almost an hour lest the enemy (should) see him/...hour in case the enemy saw/should see him i I tore them off a strip so that it would not happen/could not happen again/...to prevent it (from) happening again j I brought the electric drill to hang a picture here k A cassette player is for listening music (with) l He settled the bill at once in order not to/so as not to be surcharged for late payment/...once to avoid being surcharged.../...once to prevent them (from) surcharging him for... m They were taken to the police station for infringing the law n They walled the swimming-pool so that their children would not/could not/should not fall into it and drown/...swimming-pool to prevent their children (from) falling into it and drowning o I'll give you a photograph of me so that you won't/don't forget me/...me to prevent you (from) forgetting me p They took a lot of food with them in order not to/so as not to go hungry/...them to avoid going hungry q She vaccinated her children against smallpox so that they would not/could not/should not catch it/...smallpox to prevent them (from) catching it r I went to live in the country in order not to/so as not to be disturbed/...country so that nobody would/could/should disturb me/...country to avoid being disturbed/...country to prevent anybody (from) disturbing me s She taught her children self-defence so that nobody would/could/should beat them/...self-defence to prevent anybody (from) beating them t I read a lot of German books to improve my German u They shot him dead to make sure that he could not betray them/...dead to prevent him to betray them/...dead so that he could not betray them v He gave them a false name so that nobody would/could/should know his real identity/...name to prevent anybody (from) knowing his real identity w We need a tennis ball to play (with) x He read her one of his poems to impress her y He stood up to them so that they would not/could not/should not bully him/...to them to avoid being bullied/...to them to prevent them (from) bulling him/...to them in order not to/so as not to be bullied z I'll wait for them in case they (should) come

____________________
1  In order to and so as to may replace to.
2  In order that is possible instead of so that, but it is far less common and very formal.
3  A present or past tense is possible after lest, but the alternatives given in this key are normally preferred: He did not gave her a kiss lest he rejected him.
4  So that is also possible instead of to and in order not to/so as not to if we repeat the subject, but to and in order not to/so as not to sound neater.
Author: Miquel Molina i Diez
Pages: 1 and the key

Tal vez le interese recibir un archivo pdf con las unidades de esta sección para que pueda estudiar siempre que quiera. En este caso, se lo podemos mandar por correo electrónico a cambio de una contribución de 25 euros.

 

   Contents

   Introduction

   Notes

1  Negative and interrogative sentences (Page 2 and the key)

2  Short answers (Page 2 and the key)

3  Question tags (Page 2 and the key)

4  Questions and exclamations (Page 2 and the key)

5  So, neither, nor, either (the key)

6  Be, used to, would, be/get/become used to, dare, have, get, become, grow, go, turn, fall and feel (Page 2 and the key)

7  Verb tenses: forms (Page 2 and the key)

8  Irregular verbs

9  Verb tenses: uses (Page 2, Page 3, Page 4, Page 5 and the key)

10 Personal pronouns, possessives and reflexive pronouns (Page 2 and the key)

11 The genitive case (the key)

12 Singular and plural nouns (Page 2 and the key)

13 Gender (the key)

14 A, an, some, any, no, not, none, each, every and the; compounds of some, any, no and every (Page 2, Page 3 and the key)

15 Neither, not...either, none, not...any, both and all (the key)

16 A few, few, a lot, lots, a little, little, many, much, no and plenty (the key)

17 Enough, too, so and such (the key)

18 Comparative and superlative sentences (Page 2 and the key)

19 Adjective order (the key)

20 Relative clauses (Page 2 and the key)

21 Do and make (the key)

22 Modal verbs (Page 2, Page 3 and the key)

23 Infinitives, gerunds and present participles (Page 2 and the key)

24 Conditional sentences (Page 2 and the key)

25 Passive sentences (the key)

26 Reported speech (Page 2 and the key)

27 Purpose (the key)

28 Word order (the key)

29 Inversion (the key)

30 Connectors (Page 2 and the key)

31 Prepositions (Page 2, Page 3 and the key)

32 Phrasal verbs (the key)

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