Fill in the blanks as appropriate.

11 Examples: (reflexive pronouns)
   I didn’t enjoy myself at the party.
   You are always looking at yourself in the mirror.	
   He is always feeling sorry for himself.
   She helped herself to a piece of chocolate cake.
   The house itself is very small.
   We revised it ourselves/We ourselves revised it.
   Make yourselves comfortable, boys.
   They built their house themselves/They themselves built the
   house.

   Reflexive pronouns relate to the subject of the sentence;
   hence the the subject of the sentences agrees with the
   reflexive pronoun in number and gender, as in the above
   examples. However, a reflexive pronoun may also refer
   to an object: I saw the king (object) himself at the
   palace.

a  My mother told me to behave __________.
b  You’re always flaunting __________! I’m afraid to tell you
   that you are quite plain.
c  If you don’t look after __________, you will have health
   trouble in the near future.
d  Everybody thinks he has a screw loose because he’s always
   talking to __________; but I daresay he is the sanest
   person on earth.
e  I cut __________ when I was chopping an onion into small
   pieces.


12 Example:
   The Queen herself was at the demonstration.

   Reflexive pronouns can mean ‘personally’ or ‘in person’,
   that is, they act as intensifiers.

a  I’ll stick to the rules __________.
b  The King __________ will propose the new candidate.
c  Mrs Spenser __________ came to see me.
d  He will put her out of the job __________.
e  They bought these fresh eggs __________.


13 Examples:
   I enjoy travelling on my own. (on + a possessive adjective +
   own)
   I enjoy travelling by myself. (by + reflexive pronoun)

   On my own and by myself are synonyms. They mean ‘alone’ or
   ‘without help’.

a  My sister is only eight years of age. She has painted this
   picture all by __________.
b  This machine switches on all by __________. You only
   have to programme it to come on at a certain time.
c  He likes being all on __________ own.
d  They say that they would love to live on __________ own,
   but that they can’t, since they’re under age.
e  We built this mountain shelter by __________, which
   protects us from rain and snow whenever we come here
   to climb.


14 Example:
   Tim wrote the book himself/Tim himself wrote the book.

   This sentence mean that he did not obtain any outside help.

a  Our butler __________ made this cake. He’s a very good cook.
b  My nephew __________ took in this suit a bit.
c  The sentry __________ stopped the three enemies from
   entering the fort.
d  My daughter made this perfume __________. Doesn’t it smell
   great?
e  Our children painted this cupboard __________.


15 Revision exercise.
a  If anybody sees me talking to an invisible woman, they’ll
   think I’m speaking to __________. So we’d better not talk
   in public places.
b  __________ pretends to be a rough boy; but, actually,
   __________ isn’t.
c  A new opportunity presented __________ to her, and she
   seized __________ with both hands.
d  The quest for immortality has been one of the principal
   issues in the human race throughout the centuries. Some
   of __________ find it necessary to have children because
   it is a good way of continuing __________ lineage, of
   transmitting __________ genes to __________ offspring.
   Others search for __________ through art or investigation.
   As a case in point, we could mention Antoni Gaudí i
   Cornet, who built La Sagrada Família, one of the most
   symbolic monuments in Catalan culture. __________ will
   never die. People will remember __________ through
   __________, since this great work of art is a pride for
   the Catalan nation.
e  Other people try to find immortality through religion.
   __________ think that there will be another life,
   better than the one __________ are living presently.
f  ‘Whose car is this?’
   ‘It’s __________. I bought __________ yesterday. Do __________
   like __________?’
   ‘Yes, __________ do. Would __________ mind giving
   __________ a ride?’
   ‘Of course not. Get in. Where do __________ want to go?’
   ‘Anywhere.’
g  Mr Taylor warned __________ about the fire. But for __________,
   we would be dead now.
h  His spouse __________ poisoned him.
i  The Blakes will supply __________ with drinks and sandwiches
   if we pay __________ in advance.
j  I feel contempt for Mr and Mrs Johnson, since __________
   are the most dishonest people __________ have ever met.
k  Miss Spenser is always talking to __________. It is said
   __________ has got a screw loose.
l  ‘I think the Duncans have cleaned out the department store
   next door. __________ are professional thieves.’
   ‘__________ think __________ should give __________ the
   benefit of the doubt.
m  ‘You should bear in mind that second-hand car prices have
   plummeted recently. This is why __________ can only offer
   __________ a thousand pounds for __________ old car.’
   ‘But __________ is only four years old!’
   ‘Well, __________ take __________ or leave __________.’
   ‘__________ think __________ will try another dealer.’
n  ‘Have you heard the latest news about Miss Squire?’
   ‘__________ was run down by a truck for all __________ know.’
o  I have no time for pedantic people. __________ send me up the
   wall.
p  ‘Would you like __________ to refresh __________ memory?’
   ‘No, you don’t have to.’
q  ‘Which of you hinted that we had cleared them out at cards?’
   ‘__________, as I saw __________ with __________ own eyes.’
r  My son always keeps __________ nose to the grindstone.
   __________ is beloved by __________ workmates and by
   __________ employer.
s  Ms King says that __________ wants to be by __________.
t  ‘Who is it?’
   ‘It’s __________. Come on, open the door once and for all!’
u  Everyone got on the bus, didn’t __________?
v  We had a flat of __________ own.
w  The President of the USA __________ was for her proposal.
x  Somebody called her a little rascal, and __________
   smiled at __________.
y  Mrs Curtis is very ugly, but Mr Curtis is even uglier,
   so __________ is not so ugly as __________.
z  I need a bathroom to __________. I don’t like to share
   with anybody.


16 Example:
   He shaves every morning.

   Reflexive pronouns are not often used to refer to
   actions we generally do, unless we want to give a
   special emphasis to the action itself: My daughter
   dresses herself, and she is only four years of age.
   An exception to this is the verb dry: He dried
   himself (off) with a towel. It is worth mentioning
   as well that a few verbs do not take reflexive
   pronouns, e.g. concentrate and relax: If you don’t
   concentrate on your studies, you’ll fail.

a  After I get up __________, I wash __________, and have
   breakfast __________.
b  Take this towel, and dry __________.
c  I think you should relax __________.
d  Mr Woods never washes __________. He smells very bad.
e  Martha never makes __________ up.


17 Examples:
   John and Anne love each other9.
   We love them.
   She only loves herself.

   The first sentence implies a reciprocal action, ie a mutual
   action; or in other words: John loves Anne, and Anne loves
   John. The second example denotes that the action expressed
   by the subject falls on other people or things. The third
   instance states a reflexive action, since herself refers
   back to she.

a  We write to __________ once a week. We love __________ very
   much.
b  She is very vain. She’s constanly looking at __________
   in the mirror. She doesn’t care about other people. In
   my opinion, she only thinks of __________.
c  We send __________ presents at Christmas. Last year I
   sent 	__________ a ball, and he sent __________
   a talking doll.
d  They kissed __________ on both cheeks whenever they
   met (__________).
e  Her father has been overseas for ten years. She always
   sends __________ a photograph of her at Christmas.


18 Revision exercise.
a  I’ve just taken one of these tablets, and __________
   head is spinning round.
b  She made this colander __________. Isn’t __________ lovely?
c  He loved my niece a lot, and now __________ can’t get
   __________ out of __________ mind.
d  The garden __________ is immense. That house is a genuine
   bargain.
e  __________ doctor first told her that __________ was
   carrying twins, but when __________ was told that
   __________ was carrying triplets, it left
   __________ speechless.
f  I don’t know what is happening to us, but now __________
   hardly talk to __________.
g  Words fail __________. I can’t express how happy __________ am.
h  Glow-worms are my favourite insects, since __________
   produce a betwiching green light at night.
i  The first time __________ eyes met, we felt a marvellous
   sensation. I reckon __________ was love, love at first sight.
j  Don’t worry; __________ bark is worse that __________ bite.
   She’s not that bad!
k  The raiders were not caught, because __________ managed to
   get to Mexico.
l  __________ is on the tip of my tongue!
m  She had breakfast all by __________.
n  As it was Eliza’s birthday, everybody drank to __________
   health.
o  She told me that she had sworn on __________ mother’s
   grave that __________ would never marry again, but
   that __________ had broken __________ promise when
   __________ married me.
p  If we don’t clip __________ wings, they will cause __________
   a lot of trouble.
q  She took __________ by the arm, and __________ went out
   of the building. He was very happy because __________
   were together again.
r  The first time he saw her, __________ was leaning out of
   a window. Such was __________ beauty that he thought
   __________ had seen a deity. The next day, he went to
   the same place at the same time to see if __________
   goddess was leaning out of the window, but __________
   wasn’t.
s  I like working on __________ own.
t  They used to write to __________ every week. They were very
   good friends.
u  If you don’t relax __________, __________ will fall ill.
v  He hates eating by __________.
w  The mayoress __________ open the ceremony.
x  Nobody except __________ ate the set dinner, which is why
   they got poisoned, but he didn’t.
y  ‘My father has a lot of reponsibility on __________
   shoulders. __________ is a very important politician.
   How about yours?’
   ‘Well, __________ is a sweeper. __________ sweeps and
   cleans the streets. Thanks to people like __________,
   __________ streets are cleaned, so __________ is a
   person with a lot of responsibility as well.
z  To __________ mind, Picasso is the best cubist painter.
   I like __________ paintings very much.


____________________
9  Formerly, each other related to two people or things;
   and one another, to more than two. Nowadays this
   distinction is no longer in use, that is, both terms
   can be used as synonyms. Still, one another probably
   retains a more general sense: People should help one
   another.

Author: Miquel Molina i Diez

     Pages: 1, 2 and the key

   Contents
   Introduction
   Notes
1  Negative and interrogative sentences (Page 2 and the key)
2  Short answers (Page 2 and the key)
3  Question tags (Page 2 and the key)
4  Questions and exclamations (Page 2 and the key)
5  So, neither, nor, either (the key)
6  Be, used to, would, be/get/become used to, dare, have, get, become, grow, go, turn, fall and feel (Page 2 and the key)
7  Verb tenses: forms (Page 2 and the key)
8  Irregular verbs
9  Verb tenses: uses (Page 2, Page 3, Page 4, Page 5 and the key)
10 Personal pronouns, possessives and reflexive pronouns (Page 2 and the key)
11 The genitive case (the key)
12 Singular and plural nouns (Page 2 and the key)
13 Gender (the key)
14 A, an, some, any, no, not, none, each, every and the; compounds of some, any, no and every (Page 2, Page 3 and the key)
15 Neither, not...either, none, not...any, both and all (the key)
16 A few, few, a lot, lots, a little, little, many, much, no and plenty (the key)
17 Enough, too, so and such (the key)
18 Comparative and superlative sentences (Page 2 and the key)
19 Adjective order (the key)
20 Relative clauses (Page 2 and the key)
21 Do and make (the key)
22 Modal verbs (Page 2, Page 3 and the key)
23 Infinitives, gerunds and present participles (Page 2 and the key)
24 Conditional sentences (Page 2 and the key)
25 Passive sentences (the key)
26 Reported speech (Page 2 and the key)
27 Purpose (the key)
28 Word order (the key)
29 Inversion (the key)
30 Connectors (Page 2 and the key)
31 Prepositions (Page 2, Page 3 and the key)
32 Phrasal verbs (the key)