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Gramática inglesa de nivel avanzado paso a paso (English Grammar Step by Step)

 

     UNIT 10 - Page 2
     PERSONAL PRONOUNS, POSSESSIVES AND REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS



   Fill in the blanks as appropriate.

11 Examples: (reflexive pronouns)
   I didn't enjoy myself at the party.
   You are always looking at yourself in the mirror.
   He is always feeling sorry for himself.
   She helped herself to a piece of chocolate cake.
   The house itself is very small.
   We revised it ourselves/We ourselves revised it.
   Make yourselves comfortable, boys.
   They built their house themselves/They themselves built the house.


   Reflexive pronouns relate to the subject of the sentence; hence the the subject of the sentences agrees with the reflexive pronoun in number and gender, as in the above examples. However, a reflexive pronoun may also refer to an object: I saw the king (object) himself at the palace.

a  My mother told me to behave __________.
b  You're always flaunting __________! I'm afraid to tell you that you are quite plain.
c  If you don't look after __________, you will have health trouble in the near future.
d  Everybody thinks he has a screw loose because he's always talking to __________; but I daresay he is the sanest person on earth.
e  I cut __________ when I was chopping an onion into small pieces.


12 Example:
   The Queen herself was at the demonstration.

   Reflexive pronouns can mean "personally" or "in person", that is, they act as intensifiers.

a  I'll stick to the rules __________.
b  The King __________ will propose the new candidate.
c  Mrs Spenser __________ came to see me.
d  He will put her out of the job __________.
e  They bought these fresh eggs __________.


13 Examples:
   I enjoy travelling on my own. (on + a possessive adjective + own)
   I enjoy travelling by myself. (by + reflexive pronoun)

   On my own and by myself are synonyms. They mean "alone" or without help".

a  My sister is only eight years of age. She has painted this picture all by __________.
b  This machine switches on all by __________. You only have to programme it to come on at a certain time.
c  He likes being all on __________ own.
d  They say that they would love to live on __________ own, but that they can't, since they're under age.
e  We built this mountain shelter by __________, which protects us from rain and snow whenever we come here to climb.


14 Example:
   Tim wrote the book himself/Tim himself wrote the book.

   This sentence mean that he did not obtain any outside help.

a  Our butler __________ made this cake. He's a very good cook.
b  My nephew __________ took in this suit a bit.
c  The sentry __________ stopped the three enemies from entering the fort.
d  My daughter made this perfume __________. Doesn't it smell great?
e  Our children painted this cupboard __________.


15 Revision exercise.
a  If anybody sees me talking to an invisible woman, they'll think I'm speaking to __________. So we'd better not talk in public places.
b  __________ pretends to be a rough boy; but, actually, __________ isn't.
c  A new opportunity presented __________ to her, and she seized __________ with both hands.
d  The quest for immortality has been one of the principal issues in the human race throughout the centuries. Some of __________ find it necessary to have children because it is a good way of continuing __________ lineage, of transmitting __________ genes to __________ offspring. Others search for __________ through art or investigation. As a case in point, we could mention Antoni Gaudí i Cornet, who built La Sagrada Família, one of the most symbolic monuments in Catalan culture. __________ will never die. People will remember __________ through __________, since this great work of art is a pride for the Catalan nation.
e  Other people try to find immortality through religion. __________ think that there will be another life, better than the one __________ are living presently.
f  "Whose car is this?"
   "It's __________. I bought __________ yesterday. Do __________ like __________?"
   "Yes, __________ do. Would __________ mind giving __________ a ride?"
   "Of course not. Get in. Where do __________ want to go?"
   "Anywhere."
g  Mr Taylor warned __________ about the fire. But for __________, we would be dead now.
h  His spouse __________ poisoned him.
i  The Blakes will supply __________ with drinks and sandwiches if we pay __________ in advance.
j  I feel contempt for Mr and Mrs Johnson, since __________ are the most dishonest people __________ have ever met.
k  Miss Spenser is always talking to __________. It is said __________ has got a screw loose.
l  "I think the Duncans have cleaned out the department store next door. __________ are professional thieves."
   "__________ think __________ should give __________ the benefit of the doubt.
m  "You should bear in mind that second-hand car prices have plummeted recently. This is why __________ can only offer __________ a thousand pounds for __________ old car."
   "But __________ is only four years old!"
   "Well, __________ take __________ or leave __________."
   "__________ think __________ will try another dealer."
n  "Have you heard the latest news about Miss Squire?"
   "__________ was run down by a truck for all __________ know."
o  I have no time for pedantic people. __________ send me up the wall.
p  "Would you like __________ to refresh __________ memory?"
   "No, you don't have to."
q  "Which of you hinted that we had cleared them out at cards?"
   "__________, as I saw __________ with __________ own eyes."
r  My son always keeps __________ nose to the grindstone. __________ is beloved by __________ workmates and by __________ employer.
s  Ms King says that __________ wants to be by __________.
t  "Who is it?"
   "It's __________. Come on, open the door once and for all!"
u  Everyone got on the bus, didn't __________?
v  We had a flat of __________ own.
w  The President of the USA __________ was for her proposal.
x  Somebody called her a little rascal, and __________ smiled at __________.
y  Mrs Curtis is very ugly, but Mr Curtis is even uglier, so __________ is not so ugly as __________.
z  I need a bathroom to __________. I don't like to share with anybody.


16 Example:
   He shaves every morning.

   Reflexive pronouns are not often used to refer to actions we generally do, unless we want to give a special emphasis to the action itself: My daughter dresses herself, and she is only four years of age. An exception to this is the verb dry: He dried himself (off) with a towel. It is worth mentioning as well that a few verbs do not take reflexive pronouns, e.g. concentrate and relax: If you don't concentrate on your studies, you'll fail.

a  After I get up __________, I wash __________, and have breakfast __________.
b  Take this towel, and dry __________.
c  I think you should relax __________.
d  Mr Woods never washes __________. He smells very bad.
e  Martha never makes __________ up.


17 Examples:
   John and Anne love each other9.
   We love them.
   She only loves herself.


   The first sentence implies a reciprocal action, ie a mutual action; or in other words: John loves Anne, and Anne loves John. The second example denotes that the action expressed by the subject falls on other people or things. The third instance states a reflexive action, since herself refers back to she.

a  We write to __________ once a week. We love __________ very much.
b  She is very vain. She's constanly looking at __________ in the mirror. She doesn't care about other people. In my opinion, she only thinks of __________.
c  We send __________ presents at Christmas. Last year I sent __________ a ball, and he sent __________ a talking doll.
d  They kissed __________ on both cheeks whenever they met (__________).
e  Her father has been overseas for ten years. She always sends __________ a photograph of her at Christmas.


18 Revision exercise.
a  I've just taken one of these tablets, and __________ head is spinning round.
b  She made this colander __________. Isn't __________ lovely?
c  He loved my niece a lot, and now __________ can't get __________ out of __________ mind.
d  The garden __________ is immense. That house is a genuine bargain.
e  __________ doctor first told her that __________ was carrying twins, but when __________ was told that __________ was carrying triplets, it left __________ speechless.
f  I don't know what is happening to us, but now __________ hardly talk to __________.
g  Words fail __________. I can't express how happy __________ am.
h  Glow-worms are my favourite insects, since __________ produce a betwiching green light at night.
i  The first time __________ eyes met, we felt a marvellous sensation. I reckon __________ was love, love at first sight.
j  Don't worry; __________ bark is worse that __________ bite. She's not that bad!
k  The raiders were not caught, because __________ managed to get to Mexico.
l  __________ is on the tip of my tongue!
m  She had breakfast all by __________.
n  As it was Eliza's birthday, everybody drank to __________ health.
o  She told me that she had sworn on __________ mother's grave that __________ would never marry again, but that __________ had broken __________ promise when __________ married me.
p  If we don't clip __________ wings, they will cause __________ a lot of trouble.
q  She took __________ by the arm, and __________ went out of the building. He was very happy because __________ were together again.
r  The first time he saw her, __________ was leaning out of a window. Such was __________ beauty that he thought __________ had seen a deity. The next day, he went to the same place at the same time to see if __________ goddess was leaning out of the window, but __________ wasn't.
s  I like working on __________ own.
t  They used to write to __________ every week. They were very good friends.
u  If you don't relax __________, __________ will fall ill.
v  He hates eating by __________.
w  The mayoress __________ open the ceremony.
x  Nobody except __________ ate the set dinner, which is why they got poisoned, but he didn't.
y  "My father has a lot of reponsibility on __________ shoulders. __________ is a very important politician. How about yours?"
   "Well, __________ is a sweeper. __________ sweeps and cleans the streets. Thanks to people like __________, __________ streets are cleaned, so __________ is a person with a lot of responsibility as well.
z  To __________ mind, Picasso is the best cubist painter. I like __________ paintings very much.


____________________
9  Formerly, each other related to two people or things; and one another, to more than two. Nowadays this distinction is no longer in use, that is, both terms can be used as synonyms. Still, one another probably retains a more general sense: People should help one another.

Author: Miquel Molina i Diez

Pages: 1, 2 and the key

Tal vez le interese recibir un archivo pdf con las unidades de esta sección para que pueda estudiar siempre que quiera. En este caso, se lo podemos mandar por correo electrónico a cambio de una contribución de 25 euros.

 

   Contents

   Introduction

   Notes

1  Negative and interrogative sentences (Page 2 and the key)

2  Short answers (Page 2 and the key)

3  Question tags (Page 2 and the key)

4  Questions and exclamations (Page 2 and the key)

5  So, neither, nor, either (the key)

6  Be, used to, would, be/get/become used to, dare, have, get, become, grow, go, turn, fall and feel (Page 2 and the key)

7  Verb tenses: forms (Page 2 and the key)

8  Irregular verbs

9  Verb tenses: uses (Page 2, Page 3, Page 4, Page 5 and the key)

10 Personal pronouns, possessives and reflexive pronouns (Page 2 and the key)

11 The genitive case (the key)

12 Singular and plural nouns (Page 2 and the key)

13 Gender (the key)

14 A, an, some, any, no, not, none, each, every and the; compounds of some, any, no and every (Page 2, Page 3 and the key)

15 Neither, not...either, none, not...any, both and all (the key)

16 A few, few, a lot, lots, a little, little, many, much, no and plenty (the key)

17 Enough, too, so and such (the key)

18 Comparative and superlative sentences (Page 2 and the key)

19 Adjective order (the key)

20 Relative clauses (Page 2 and the key)

21 Do and make (the key)

22 Modal verbs (Page 2, Page 3 and the key)

23 Infinitives, gerunds and present participles (Page 2 and the key)

24 Conditional sentences (Page 2 and the key)

25 Passive sentences (the key)

26 Reported speech (Page 2 and the key)

27 Purpose (the key)

28 Word order (the key)

29 Inversion (the key)

30 Connectors (Page 2 and the key)

31 Prepositions (Page 2, Page 3 and the key)

32 Phrasal verbs (the key)

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