1 a to scoff b to wear c scold d to have; to do e have to teach

2 a to have; to play b to ride c to exaggerate d to meet e to accept; to co-operate

3 a not to see b to give c to pay d not to be e to interrupt

4 a to climb b to beat c to remain d to attack e to forgive

5 a having b going c conjure d dance e cheating

6 a escape b to tell c put d to let e let f breathe g to do h to lodge i burning j to come k to clean l to do m to have n to rain o to attend p to keep q to insult r crawling s to gain t to let him live u to drink v move/moving w to go x to come y to squabble z to become

7 a to take¹ b to take c taking d revising e working

8 a (who is/are) walking b (who is) talking c (who is) sitting d (who is) eating e (which is) peeing

9 a caressing b parking c waiting d playing e reading

10 a to fix b mend c to help d working e listening

11 a to get b to poke c to hide d to see e to make

12 a to knock b get; to stop c to check d to overthrow e to get f giving (ie, they caught him red-handed)/to give (ie, they arrived at that conclusion after investigating the matter carefully) g to skip h to throw i (who is) sitting j not to go k slowing l get; to paint m have; paper n to go; make o to take p getting q to challenge r to remake; to get s consuming t to consume u to take v to outshine w gawping x to kick y toadying z to suck

13 a to take b to swim c to go d to talk e to spend

14 a marrying b riding c eating d talking e doing

15 a walking; hearing; singing b thinking; resitting c starting d working; loving e Being

16 a would like to have gone/would have liked to go/would have liked to have gone b be typed c have been kissing d have behaved; have been expelled e be helping

17 a Having destroyed b getting c Being sacked/Having been sacked d robbing/having robbed e having spoken/speaking

18 a revising/to be revised b pruning/to be pruned c ironing/to be ironed d letting/to be let e repairing/to be repaired spoken/speaking

19 a to buy b buying c wait; to be; getting d Swimming e spending; driving f watching g taking/to be taken h burgling i to change j to accompany k writing l to blow m to redraw; to lose; talking; get n to get (‘getting’ would also be possible, but ‘to get’ is much better) o analising; teasing p letting/to be let q painting r to rescue s working t drinking u Realising/Having realised v leaving/having left w to be x to contact y frying z say

20 a cutting b cheating c delivering d to be e putting

21 a to keep b Having c to take (less usual ‘taking’) d Driving e Smoking

22 a to meet b to get/getting c to abolish/abolishing d to see/seeing e to rain/raining; to walk/walking

23 a to come b to take c taking/to take d to disturb e to go

24 a to give b to say c spending d to feed e to buy

25 a breaking b turning/to be turned c to go; to get d stirring/having stirred e to spot f meeting g chopping h to eat i eating/to eat j interrupting k Playing l to win; playing; to play (or less usual ‘playing’) m to have; to know n to put o to announce; be; take; be; have; to be; to offer p running/having run; resist q Having convinced; to let; go r being s having t wearing u watching v doing; reading; watching w to be studying x cheating y investing z worry

26 a to frighten b dismissing; employing c leaving d to mean e to take

27 a to tell (rather than ‘of telling’) b of having c seeing d to eat e for arriving/for having arrived/to have arrived

28 a drinking b smoking c hitting d having e increasing

29 a To be b To tell c To be d To be e To put

30 a playing b to go hiking c going rambling (‘to go rambling’ is possible, but far less usual) d to tell e moving (or less usual ‘having moved’); living f taking/to be taken g Polluting; destroying h to cut/cutting i To put j finding; go and tell; make k drowning; clutch l to eradicate; losing m to put n like; wandering o polishing; look p be; your reading/(for you) to read; learn q to learn r be; ashamed of yourself for getting/ ashamed of getting; to have; to have; living s to bother t bothering; to tell u to understand; trying to rob v teach; to mend w chatting; chatting; talking x to blame; doing y go climbing; of falling z to say; to build

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1  See unit 22, section 36 (footnote) in the key.