1 a Yes, I/we can; No, I/we cannot/can’t b Yes, I/we can; No, I/we cannot/can’t c Yes, she can; No, she cannot/can’t d Yes, they can; No, they cannot/can’t e Yes, he can; No he cannot/can’t

2 a Yes, they have; No, they have not/haven’t b Yes, she has; No, she has not/hasn’t c Yes, it has; No, it has not/hasn’t d Yes, I/we have; No, I/we have not/haven’t e Yes, we/you have; No, we/you have not/haven’t

3 a Yes, you are; No, you are not/you aren’t/you’re not b Yes, there is; No, there is not/there isn’t/there’s not c Yes, there are; No, there are not/aren’t d Yes, he is; No, he is not/he isn’t/he’s not e Yes, I am; No, I am not/I’m not

4 a Yes, I/we do; No, I/we do not/don’t b Yes, they do; No, they do not/don’t c Yes, I/we do; No, I/we do not/don’t d Yes, they do; No, they do not/don’t e Yes, you do; No, you do not/don’t

5 a Yes, she does; No, she does not/doesn’t b Yes, she does; No, she does not/doesn’t c Yes, it does; No, it does not/doesn’t d Yes, he does; No, he does not/doesn’t e Yes, he does; No, he does not/ doesn’t

6 a Yes, I/we can; No, I/we cannot/can’t b Yes, I/we do; No, I/we don’t c Yes, I/we have; No, I/we have not/haven’t d Yes, I/we have; No, I/we have not/haven’t e Yes, they do; No, they do not/ don’t f Yes, there is; No, there is not/there isn’t/there’s not g Yes, there are; No, there are not/aren’t h Yes, there is; No, there is not/there isn’t/there’s not i Yes, I/we do; No, I/we do not/ don’t j Yes, she does; No, she does not/doesn’t k Yes, you/we do; No, you/we do not/don’t l Yes, I/we do; No, I/we do not/don’t m Yes, it does; No, it does not/doesn’t n Yes, he does; No, he does not/doesn’t o Yes, I/we do; No, I/we do not/don’t p Yes, they do; No, they do not/don’t q Yes, I/we do; No, I/we do not/don’t r Yes, she does; No, she does not/doesn’t s Yes, there are; No, there are not/aren’t t Yes, they can; No, they cannot/can’t u Yes, it is; No, it is not/it isn’t/it’s not v Yes, I/we do; No, I/we do not/don’t w Yes, he has; No, he has not/hasn’t x Yes, they are; No, they are not/they aren’t/they’re not y Yes, he has; No, he has not/hasn’t z Yes, it is; No, it is not/it isn’t/it’s not

7 a Yes, I/we did; No, I/we did not/didn’t b Yes, they did; No, they did not/didn’t c Yes, she did; No, she did not/didn’t d Yes, it did; No, it did not/didn’t e Yes, we/you did; No, we/you did not/ didn’t

8 a Yes, there were; No, there were not/weren’t b Yes, it was; No, it was not/wasn’t c Yes, she was; No, she was not/wasn’t d Yes, it was; No, it wasn’t e Yes, I was/Yes, we were; No, I was not/ wasn’t/No, we were not/weren’t

9 a Yes, she has; No, she has not/hasn’t1 b Yes, I/we have; No, I/we have not/haven’t c Yes, he has; No, he has not/hasn’t d Yes, they have; No, they have not/haven’t e Yes, we/you have; No, we/you have not/haven’t

10 a Yes, I/we do; No, I/we do not/don’t b Yes, I/we have; No, I/we haven’t c Yes, I/we can; No, I/we cannot/can’t d Yes, he was; No, he was not/wasn’t e Yes, he does; No, he does not/doesn’t f Yes, she was; No, she was not/wasn’t g Yes, they have; No, they have not/haven’t h Yes, they are; No, they are not/they aren’t/they’re not i Yes, I/we do; No, I/we do not/don’t j Yes, she is; No, she is not/she isn’t/she’s not k Yes I/we did; No, I/we did not/didn’t l Yes, I was/Yes, we were; No, I was not/wasn’t/No, we were not/ weren’t m Yes, he has; No, he has not/hasn’t n Yes, there is; No, there is not/there isn’t/there’s not o Yes, he has; No, he has not/ hasn’t p Yes, he did; No, he did not/didn’t q Yes, I/we did; No, I/ we did not/didn’t r Yes, I have; No, I have not/haven’t s Yes, he is; No, he is not/he isn’t/he’s not t Yes, he did; No, he did not/ didn’t u Yes, I/we have; No, I/we have not/haven’t v Yes, they were; No, they were not/weren’t w Yes, it does; No, it does not/doesn’t x Yes, they do; No, they do not/don’t y Yes, she can; No, she cannot/can’t z Yes, it is; No, it is not/it isn’t/it’s not

11 a Yes, it will; No, it will not/won’t2 b Yes, she will; No, she will not/won’t c Yes, he will; No, he will not/won’t d Yes, it will; No, it will not/won’t e Yes, they will; No, they will not/ won’t

12 a Yes, you must; No, you need not/needn’t b Yes, you must; No, you need not/needn’t c Yes, you/we must; No, you/we need not/needn’t d Yes, you must; No, you need not/needn’t e Yes, you must; No, you need not/needn’t

13 a Yes, I/we had; No, I/we had not/hadn’t3 b Yes, I/we had; No, I/we had not/hadn’t c Yes, they had; No, they had not/hadn’t d Yes, they had; No, they had not/hadn’t e Yes, I/we had; No, I/we had not/ hadn’t

14 a Yes, you should; No, you should not/shouldn’t b Yes, you ought (to); No, you ought not/oughtn’t (to) c Yes, they should; No, they should not/shouldn’t d Yes, you/we should; No, you/we should not/ shouldn’t e Yes, you ought (to); No, you ought not/oughtn’t (to)

15 a Yes, you can; No, you cannot/can’t b Yes you may; No, you may not c Yes, you may; No, you may not d Yes, you may; No, you may not e Yes, you can; No, you cannot/can’t

16 a Yes, I would; No, I would not/wouldn’t4 b Yes, he would; No, he would not/wouldn’t c Yes, they would; No, they would not/wouldn’t d Yes, she would; No, she would not/wouldn’t e Yes, it would; No, it would not/wouldn’t

17 a Yes, he is; No, he is not/he isn’t/he’s not b Yes, I/we did; No, I/we did not/didn’t c Yes, he did; No, he did not/didn’t d Yes, I/ we did; No, I/we did not/didn’t e Yes, he is; No, he is not/he isn’t/he’s not f Yes, it is; No, it is not/it isn’t/it’s not g Yes, you can; No, you cannot/can’t h Yes, I/we have; No, I/we have not/ haven’t i Yes, I/we do; No, I/we do not/don’t j Yes, you may; No, you may not k Yes, it does; No, it does not/doesn’t l Yes, I/we had; No, I/we had not/hadn’t m Yes, they can; No, they cannot/can’t n Yes, I/we have; No, I/we have not/haven’t o Yes, he was; No, he was not/wasn’t p Yes, he did; No, he did not/didn’t q Yes, I/we would; No, I/we would not/wouldn’t r Yes, he has; No, he has not/ hasn’t s Yes, I/we did; No, I/we did not/didn’t t Yes, you must; No, you need not/needn’t u Yes, you must; No, you need not/needn’t v Yes, they are; No, they are not/they aren’t/they’re not w Yes, he did; No, he did not/didn’t x Yes, he did; No, he did not/didn’t y Yes, you should; No, you should not/shouldn’t z Yes, she was; No, she was not/wasn’t

18 (suggested answers) a My sister (did) b Tomorrow c I did/Me d (It’s) mine e This poison (has) f Nothing g (I have been studying Catalan for) three years h My neighbour (was) i She is tall and pretty. She has long dark hair and blue eyes j Under the carpet

19 a have not/haven’t (been to...) b is not/isn’t (against...) c will not/won’t/do not/don’t (ban...) d I do too/I adore going to posh restaurants too e did not/didn’t (fail...) f have (taken...) g will not/won’t (be expelled) h did not/didn’t (deny...) i did not/didn’t (take...) j was not/wasn’t (a...)

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1  The contractions ‘s not and ‘ve not are far less common.
2  ‘ll not is not so usual as the forms given.
3  ‘d not is quite unusual.
4  ‘d not is rare.